Accounting Firm vs. CPA Firm: What's the Difference?

When it comes to financial services, there are many different types of firms available to choose from. Two of the most common are accounting firms and CPA firms. While they may seem similar on the surface, there are some key differences between the two that can impact the type of services they offer and the qualifications of their staff. A practical way to decide is to map your need to attestation work versus internal operations and then choose the mix of providers that matches scope, budget, and deadlines.

In this article, we'll explore the differences between accounting firms and CPA firms, so you can make an informed decision when choosing a financial service provider. Many companies combine a CPA firm for audits and specialized tax with an accounting solution for month end close and day to day support.

The Difference Between a CPA and an Accountant

One of the key differences between accounting firms and CPA firms is the qualifications required for their staff. While both types of firms may employ bookkeepers and other financial professionals, the second one require that their staff hold a CPA license which is granted by the state board of accountancy and requires passing a rigorous exam, meeting education, and experience requirements, and adhering to strict ethical standards.

Accounting firms, on the other hand, may employ individuals with varying levels of education and experience. While some may hold a bachelor's degree in accounting, others may have only completed some coursework in accounting or have no formal education in the field at all. Only licensed CPAs can perform and sign audit and review engagements and they are subject to independence and quality control requirements.

What Do These Firms Do?

Both accounting firms and CPA firms offer a range of financial services, such as bookkeeping, tax preparation, and financial planning. However, there are significant differences between the services they offer.

Accounting firms typically focus on day-to-day financial tasks, such as bookkeeping, payroll processing, and preparing financial statements. CPA firms, on the other hand, tend to provide more specialized services, including tax planning, audit services, and forensic accounting. Remember that an attest provider must stay independent which is why many companies separate bookkeeping support from audit work.

Tax preparation and filing is one of the most common services offered by both types of firms, for both individuals and businesses. This can include quarterly estimates, tax liability projections, tax planning, and payroll tax calculations. Additionally, they provide guidance for taking advantage of available deductions while staying in compliance with laws and regulations.

CriteriaAccounting FirmCPA FirmFocusDay-to-day financial tasks, such as bookkeeping, payroll processing, and financial statement preparationSpecialized financial services, such as tax planning, audit services, and forensic accountingProfessional qualificationsA range of financial professionals with varying levels of education and experienceCertified Public Accountants, who are licensed by state boards of accountancy and have met rigorous education, exam, and experience requirements

Practical tip Document who does what across providers and lock the handoffs in your close calendar so responsibilities are clear and no controls are duplicated.

What Is a CPA Firm?

A CPA firm (Certified Public Accountant firm) is a business that provides accounting, auditing, tax, and consulting services to individuals and businesses. These firms are licensed and regulated by state boards of accountancy and must have at least one CPA (Certified Public Accountant) on staff. Firms that perform audits and reviews are typically subject to peer review and internal quality control standards.

Services Provided by a CPA Firm

CPA firms offer a range of financial services, including:

1. Tax Preparation & Planning – Helping businesses and individuals file tax returns and minimize tax liabilities.
2. Auditing & Assurance – Conducting financial statement audits, reviews, and compilations to ensure accuracy and compliance.
3. Accounting & Bookkeeping – Maintaining financial records, preparing financial statements, and managing payroll.
4. Financial Consulting – Providing advice on business strategy, risk management, and financial planning.
5. Forensic Accounting – Investigating financial fraud and disputes.
6. Business Valuation – Assessing the value of a business for mergers, acquisitions, or legal purposes.

Legal and Regulatory Requirements

Both accounting firms and CPA firms are subject to legal and regulatory requirements, but these requirements can differ significantly between the two. CPA firms are typically subject to more stringent regulations, as they are licensed and regulated by state boards of accountancy. These regulations may include requirements for continuing education, ethical standards, and quality control procedures. When audits or reviews are in scope, verify licensure, independence representations, and the results of the firm’s most recent peer review.

Accounting firms, on the other hand, may not be subject to the same level of regulation. However, they may still be required to adhere to certain standards, such as generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) or international financial reporting standards (IFRS).

Niche and fees

While accounting firms typically serve a diverse range of clients, including small businesses, non-profit organizations, and individuals, CPA firms often specialize in serving businesses and organizations that require more specialized financial services. These services may include tax planning, audit services, forensic accounting, and strategic data-driven analysis.

The scope of services offered by CPA firms can vary greatly depending on their size and focus. Some may specialize solely in audit and assurance services, while others may offer a wider range of services such as tax preparation, enterprise risk management, and consulting. In addition, many CPA firms provide professional advice regarding budgeting, staffing, purchasing, and compliance, which can be valuable for businesses looking to expand or grow.

Furthermore, CPA firms may specialize in serving specific industries, such as healthcare, finance, or real estate, and tailor their services accordingly to meet the unique needs of clients in these industries.

Finally, there are differences in the fee structures of accounting firms and CPA firms. Accounting firms may charge hourly rates for their services, or they may offer flat fees for specific tasks, such as bookkeeping or financial statement preparation. CPA firms, on the other hand, often charge higher fees due to their specialized services and a higher level of expertise and some have partnership programs for long-term clients.

Which One to Choose?

Both CPAs and accountants can offer all the above services. Unless you have an incredibly complex tax situation, you may not need the specialized services of a CPA firm and can benefit from the knowledge and experience of an accounting firm without the top-dollar prices.

Whether it is an accounting firm or a CPA firm, both are very professional in providing accounting, financial auditing, and tax-related consulting and services to clients. Ultimately, the key is to find a firm that meets your needs and provides the services and expertise that can help you achieve your financial goals. Many finance teams run a hybrid model, using a CPA firm for attest and complex tax while augmenting internal capacity for close, reconciliations, and reporting.  

Is Hiring a CPA or Accounting Firm Right for You?

Choosing between a CPA firm and other accounting solutions depends on your business's needs, complexity, and budget. CPA firms are ideal if:

• You need a full team of certified professionals for specific tax laws and regulations.
• Your business has complex financial structures, requiring audits or financial reporting.
• You prefer a firm that also offers business consulting.

However, CPA firms often come at a premium cost, which may not be the best fit for small businesses or startups looking to optimize expenses. If you do not require an audit opinion, consider right sizing with experienced accountants who plug into your systems and close calendar at a lower total cost.

Alternative Solutions: Hiring a Remote Accountant

If hiring a CPA firm isn’t the right fit, there are cost-effective alternatives to manage your accounting effectively, such as:

• Hiring a Remote Accountant: Through a staffing agency, you can find skilled accountants from countries with lower labor costs. These professionals can handle bookkeeping, payroll, and tax preparation at a fraction of the cost of a CPA firm. Structured remote solutions can also be time zone aligned with the United States and integrated with your CPA firm’s requests during audit or tax season.
• Using Accounting Software: Cloud-based accounting tools like QuickBooks, Xero, or FreshBooks can automate bookkeeping, invoicing, and financial reporting.
• Working with a Freelance Accountant: Platforms like Upwork or Fiverr allow you to hire freelance accountants on a project or hourly basis.

These alternatives provide flexibility and cost savings while still ensuring your financial management needs are met. This is where Vintti fits. Vintti connects companies with pre vetted accountants and controllers who work in the United States time zone and slot into your month end close, reconciliations, and audit readiness while collaborating with your chosen CPA firm.

Take Action: Try an Offshore Accountant Today!

If you're looking for a more affordable yet highly skilled accounting solution, consider hiring an offshore accountant through a staffing agency. You’ll gain access to experienced professionals without the high costs of a traditional CPA firm. Prefer a closer collaboration window and stronger overlap with your team and your CPA firm. Explore Vintti’s United States time zone aligned remote talent for close, reporting, and surge periods such as audits and system rollouts.